Growing Concerns Over Travel-Associated Cosmetic Procedure Risks

A study published today in CDC’s Emerging Infectious Diseases journal highlights a growing concern for adverse outcomes from travel-associated cosmetic procedures. The findings underscore the need for patients considering medical procedures abroad to fully understand the potential health risks and consult their healthcare professionals before traveling.

“More and more people are getting medical procedures outside the United States, but there are risks,” said Kiara McNamara, DNP, BSN, AGPCNP-BC, CDC nurse epidemiologist and lead author of the study. “It is essential for patients to be informed and prepared before making decisions about seeking cosmetic surgery abroad.”

Study Overview

The study reviewed CDC consultation reports from 2014–2024 involving U.S. residents who experienced infections or other complications after traveling, both within and outside the United States, for cosmetic procedures such as liposuction, abdominoplasty, breast augmentation, and gluteal augmentation. Of 2,162 total CDC consultations reviewed, 34 involved patients who traveled for medical care. Researchers identified 21 reports involving approximately 145 patients with adverse outcomes, including infections, associated with both domestic and international surgery centers and clinics. Many investigations involved patients from multiple states, demonstrating the complexity of detecting and responding to healthcare-associated outbreaks connected to medical tourism.

Key Findings

  • 20 consultations reported postsurgical infections.
  • 12 cases involved suspected or confirmed nontuberculous mycobacteria infections.
  • 14 consultations were linked to surgery centers or clinics.
  • 4 consultations involved patient deaths.
  • Infection prevention and control assessments identified significant deficiencies in environmental cleaning, PPE use, hand hygiene practices, and surgical equipment reprocessing.

CDC Recommendations

To address these growing challenges, the CDC emphasizes:

  • Stronger surveillance systems.
  • Continued collaboration between healthcare providers and public health agencies.
  • Proactive patient education on risks and safety practices.

These measures are critical to identifying adverse outcomes early and implementing effective prevention strategies.

About the CDC

Whether diseases start at home or abroad, are curable or preventable, chronic or acute, or from human activity or deliberate attack, CDC’s world-leading experts protect lives and livelihoods, national security, and the U.S. economy by providing timely, common-sense information and rapidly identifying and responding to diseases, including outbreaks and illnesses. CDC drives science, public health research, and data innovation in communities across the country by investing in local initiatives to protect everyone’s health. For more information about the risks associated with travel-related cosmetic procedures and patient safety guidance, visit the CDC official website.