How to Create a Healthier Home Environment

Home is where we eat, sleep, relax, and spend time with family. Because we spend so much time indoors, the home environment plays a powerful role in shaping our health. Over the past decade, scientists have learned more about the harms we’re exposed to indoors—and how simple steps can lower common exposures.

Common Indoor Chemical Exposures

  • Flame retardants: Added to electronics, furniture, and insulation. Older types linked to brain and thyroid issues have been phased out, but newer versions still merit attention.
  • Plastic additives and PFAS: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances found in nonstick pans, stain-resistant fabrics, and food packaging. Associated with higher cholesterol, reduced vaccine response, kidney cancer risk, and low birth weight.
  • Pesticides and dyes: Used in fabrics, furniture, and cleaning products. These chemicals can settle into dust and be inhaled or ingested.

Reduce Dust-Bound Chemicals

Many chemicals stick to particles in the air or settled dust. Young children are especially vulnerable because they spend more time on the floor and put their hands in their mouths. A regular cleaning routine can lower exposures:

  • Vacuum on a schedule—robotic vacuums have been shown to reduce flame retardants and plastic additives in dust.
  • Wipe surfaces with a damp cloth to capture and remove sticky particles.
  • Choose products and furniture labeled “no flame retardants” when possible.

Improve Ventilation and Control Moisture

Cooking, smoking, candles, cleaners, and building materials can all add particles and gases to indoor air. If you burn something indoors, open windows or use a vent hood to bring fresh air in and push stale air out. To prevent mold—which releases spores that irritate the nose and lungs—keep moisture in check by fixing leaks, using exhaust fans, and controlling humidity in bathrooms and basements.

Ensure Safe Drinking Water

Water is consumed directly and frequently. While public systems are monitored for some contaminants, not all areas regulate PFAS or lead from corroded pipes. To protect your family:

  • Use certified water filters designed for the contaminants in your area.
  • Test private well water regularly, since PFAS and other chemicals have no taste, smell, or color.

Adopt Healthy Lifestyle Habits

Exposure to chemicals like PFAS raises health risks but does not guarantee illness. Small, consistent lifestyle changes—such as healthy eating and regular exercise—can offset some risks. In one study, adults at risk for diabetes with high PFAS levels did not gain excess weight or develop high cholesterol or diabetes when following a healthy lifestyle program.

Key Takeaways

  • You don’t need drastic changes all at once. Start with manageable steps like better cleaning, ventilation, and water testing.
  • Stay informed and ask questions about product ingredients and building materials.
  • Empower your family by making choices that support a healthier home.